Takvim-i Vekayi
Takvim-i Vekayi (Ottoman Turkish: تقویم وقایع, meaning "Calendar of facts") was the first fully Turkish language newspaper.
Year: It was launched in 1831 by Sultan Mahmud II, taking over from the Moniteur ottoman as the Official Gazette of the Ottoman Empire.
Languages
With the beginning of the Tanzimat reform period, Takvim-i Vekayi produced Armenian, Greek and Arabic language editions.
With the beginning of the Tanzimat reform period, Takvim-i Vekayi produced Armenian, Greek and Arabic language editions.
Formation
To strengthen a centralized hold on the provinces he created a postal system, more infrastructure like roads, and the Takvim-i Vekayi.
To strengthen a centralized hold on the provinces he created a postal system, more infrastructure like roads, and the Takvim-i Vekayi.
First Editor
The Takvim-i Vekayi was the first official Ottoman Empire news. Esad Erbili was the first editor.
The Takvim-i Vekayi was the first official Ottoman Empire news. Esad Erbili was the first editor.
Circulated
Circulation of the Takvim-i Vekayi fluctuated in circulation depending on the time period. In the beginning stages only civil servants, elites, and business men read the paper. It was also mostly read near the capital, not in faraway provinces. Circulation only grew during the Hamidian Era due to increase in literacy.
Circulation of the Takvim-i Vekayi fluctuated in circulation depending on the time period. In the beginning stages only civil servants, elites, and business men read the paper. It was also mostly read near the capital, not in faraway provinces. Circulation only grew during the Hamidian Era due to increase in literacy.
Additional
It ceased publication in 1878, resuming in 1891-2, before being closed again. It resumed in 1908 until around 1922. In the 1831-1878 period it published a total of 2119 issues - an average of slightly less than one a week.
It ceased publication in 1878, resuming in 1891-2, before being closed again. It resumed in 1908 until around 1922. In the 1831-1878 period it published a total of 2119 issues - an average of slightly less than one a week.
Censorship
Under Abdul Hamid II's rule censorship of the press was carried out by a considerably large group of people. Abdul Hamid II's reign one shut down of Takvim-i Vekayi's publication occurred due to what many historians think was a typesetter's error when publishing a legal act in the büstur part of the newspaper.
Under Abdul Hamid II's rule censorship of the press was carried out by a considerably large group of people. Abdul Hamid II's reign one shut down of Takvim-i Vekayi's publication occurred due to what many historians think was a typesetter's error when publishing a legal act in the büstur part of the newspaper.
Ceased
Other publications were allowed to be run during this time but the Takvim-i Vekayi was shut down till the end of his reign in 1909. His censorship blocked revolutionary news spreading.
Other publications were allowed to be run during this time but the Takvim-i Vekayi was shut down till the end of his reign in 1909. His censorship blocked revolutionary news spreading.
Tanzimat period
Even with the censorship Abdul Hamid II's other reforms regarding education caused the circulation of the newspaper to grow between 12,000 and 15,000 people, much larger than during the Tanzimat period.
Even with the censorship Abdul Hamid II's other reforms regarding education caused the circulation of the newspaper to grow between 12,000 and 15,000 people, much larger than during the Tanzimat period.
Restarted
The Young Turks also saw the importance of the media and of the Takvim-i Vekayi. When they rose to power they restarted the publication of the Takvim-i Vekayi and through the office of the Directorate of Legal Compilation published official legal mandates.
The Young Turks also saw the importance of the media and of the Takvim-i Vekayi. When they rose to power they restarted the publication of the Takvim-i Vekayi and through the office of the Directorate of Legal Compilation published official legal mandates.
Perished
On November 1, 1922 the Grand National Assembly decided to end the Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire ended. After 4,891 issues between 1831 -1922 the Takvim-iVekayi
On November 1, 1922 the Grand National Assembly decided to end the Sultanate and the Ottoman Empire ended. After 4,891 issues between 1831 -1922 the Takvim-iVekayi
published its last issue on November 4, 1922.
Reference: Wikipedia
Book Reference
Takvim-i Vekayi written by Ahmet Mithat about the Russo-Turkish War.
Takvim-i Vekayi written by Ahmet Mithat about the Russo-Turkish War.
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